5. Misc Stuff

5.1 Experiences

Using the NC as a plain terminal with multiple consoles. The Built-in Motif extensions are a lot easier to use than the default setup ;-) Pressing the Pause/Break key will pop up the NC Menu at any time.

5.2 Connecting through a network into the NC The network station allows configuration access via telnet sessions onseveral ports. The ones I know are by default configured like this:

• port 87, service SerialSD, (raw - serial daemon)
• port 5964, service ParallelD, (raw - parallel daemon)
• port 5976, service FILED, (raw - file manager)
• port 5977, service PREFD, (raw - user preferences)
• port 5978, service DIAG, (raw - diagnostics)
• port 5979, service CONFIGD, (raw - configuration)
• port 5996, service FILED, (telnet - file manager)
• port 5997, service PREFD, (telnet - user preferences)
• port 5998, service DIAG, (telnet - diagnostics)
• port 5999, service CONFIGD, (telnet - configuration)

You can easliy access the TCP ports by using a telnet session telnet NC-IPaddr port. Be careful whether there is a password check enabled. The passphrase 'public' (without quotes) worked for me.

Port 5978

Remote Logging It's the same as the messages console in your CLE.

The format of each entry stretches over 2 lines.

+ DD:HH:MM:SS NSKxxxx: ...

The first line covers date using the string that counts days, hours, minutes and seconds since boot time. The second line starts with an message identifier and the english plain text message after a separating colon, e.g.:

[...] + 25:17:31:43 NSK5641: unable to get current time from 10.10.90.149 + 26:03:29:10 NSK4708: automatic powerdown to Suspend state after 40 minutes idle time + 26:03:49:10 NSK4708: automatic powerdown to Powerdown state after 60 minutes idle time + 26:07:22:38 NSK8001: accepting DIAGD connection from 10.10.90.150 [...]

Port 5999 CONFIGDUse this port to do remote configuration for the NC by an telnet session(telnetNC-IPaddr 5999).

Here are some first commands and hints that seemed to me to be useful. You can apparently configure the NC remotely - online. The configuration files use the same format, but do allow only an offline configuration. As an alternative you may use the the setup function from the NC menu window.

First of all you will need to login if you defined a password. Logging into the NC should show you a sequence like:

*** NCD X Terminal Configuration *** Password: Invalid Password Password: public

Being logged in, you can start configurating. The configuration syntax is identical to /usr/netstation/configs/ the setup files. Be aware that the behaviour within this command line interface is the same as using the gui, i.e. when you set (you may omit this keyword) some parameter you need to apply it. Otherwise you will not see any effect. There is a /usr/netstation/configs/configd.doc documentation file (- more precisely I would call it a reference script -) delivered with the netstation software. (The links are configured for the RS/6000 installation.)

You probably want to start straight into the matter. So for learning it the hard way, I recommend some commands to start with:.

• help - shows you all possible commands with some really short explanation. Some commands concerning locking should be used with care.
• get groups - tells you which groups of configuration options are available. These are the subjects in the setup browser of the NC menu. You may think of them as section headers. These group names are also the first token in the name of the configurable items within it.
• get boot ... slow in answering and shows you how the boot parameters of the NC are currently set.
• get tftp - again some basic boot parameters. On my NC all are read only statistics
• get tcpip - most useful for reading some TCP statistics, less useful for changing the IP setup, i.e. name servers, local DNS cache, ARP configuration.
• get file - again slow response. A long list of parameters. Most of them are again self explaining. Be careful when changing the port parameters, since you might have problems to find them later on. Also some important boot parameters can be found here.
• get nfs - shows NFS configuration. You most likely will only need it, if you use a memory PCMCIA card. Otherwise you will have little to import or export.
• info - shows you NAME, ACCESS, and PROTECTION of a given or all variables. Helpful, if you work with protect

5.3 Port 161/udp - SNMP Access

You need some network management software to work with it. Among the most famous commercial ones are (Tivoli) NetView and HP OpenView. They provide an easy-to-use user interfaces. For linux you usually use cmu-snmp for command line and TCL/TK-based scotty for visual frontend. (I like command line and that's what I am going to explain)

Some general statement

The network station is completely configurable as already noted. In allows examinations and alterations while being used. The changes take effect either immediately, at session startup, or at boot time (see configd.doc). All reads from the network station do not unveal the users display contents, and therefore the users' privacy is respected (if the application itself respects it as well). Only the configuration may be retrieved, but not the window contents (at least not this way).

How to configure network management ?

There is a file in ASN.1 called snmpmib.txt in the installation directory of the recent releases that allows your network management console resolve the mib symbols. Otherwise you see dot-separated sequences of numbers only. So best is to append this file (comments start with double minus "--") to the mib.txt file of your SNMP software. You can use snmpwalk, snmpget, snmpset to browse and modify the symbols you have retrieved.

How to start managing?

Simplest way to start managing is to execute the commands

snmpwalk NC-IPaddr public system snmpget NC-IPaddr public system.sysDescr.0 snmpset NC-IPaddr public system.sysContact.0 s"MailTo:Kris.Buytaert@advalvas.b$ snmpwalk NC-IPaddr public system

Sit back and think a little bit about it. It is easy to work with.

If you never had experience with SNMP commands you should read some SNMP documentation, take reference to configd.doc. For more details refer to SNMP-HowTos.

What do you manage?

It works nearly the same way as the telnet session to the configuration port, except that each command is transferred separately to the NC using UDP. The advantage is that you do not have to work interactively, you work with UDP instead of TCP, which avoids retries to network stations that are down. you must have the privileges for being successful - 'public' is a good community for reading...

5.4 IBM Software Releases

IBM Has a special program for upgrades and documentation about the IBM Netststation releases. It includes CDs and printed documentation

It can be ordered freely from IBM from the following url service.boulder.ibm.com/nc/pcserver/cd_order.shtml.

(Thnx to Herman Bos ( hermanb@xs4allnl) for this info)

5.5 NetworkStation Manager

The NetworkStation Manager is a piece of software running on the boot server. It has a web interface and allows you to administrate all your NetworkStations from a single point. You can define users and groups and provide a customised desktop for each of them.

This is required if you don't use a windowmanager provided by Linux. It basically works by parsing and writing the configuration files. However, Linux is not a supported plattform of this software. So as a workaround you have to change the configuration files by hand or have an OS/390, an AIX or a Windows NT do the job for you. Please be aware, that for the personalisation in users and groups of your NetworkStation Desktop, you need the login daemon running on your boot server. This daemon is not available on Linux. So personalisation has to be done by naming the configuration files according to the user sitting at the Station.

There is an actual Redbook about the Network Station,

Network Station Manager V2R1

, IBM PubNumber SG24-5844-00. For the use with Linux it may be helpful for you to read IBM Network Station - RS/6000 Notebook, IBM PubNumber SG24-2016-01. It explains the use with the RS/600 AIX System (an interesting flavour of Unix).

5.6 Configuration file statements

Here are some configuration file statements that I found useful:

set boot-prom-force-update = true With this setting, the Network Station will check for a new boot PROM (aka Firmware) and download it if available.

set xserver-access-control-enabled = false Will allow all XClients to connect to the XServer running on that Network Station.

5.7 Printing

There is a Redbook about printing, 'IBM Network Station Printing Guide', IBM PubNumber SG24-5212-00. Redbooks can be found at http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/

5.8 PCMCIA Memory Cards

I have tested memory cards manufactured by Centennial (IBM gives you a more complete list of memory cards that work with the NC). I recommend a minimum capacity of 20 MB. If you have less you will have less functionality on the card. Even 20MB is hardly sufficient. Once a NC is installed with a memory card it can serve as peer booting host for other NCs in its network vicinity.

You need to connect to the file manager port 5996. Keep a eye on your access protections in your configuration files. If you use the memory card with the network station for the first time, you need to format it. You should mount it and export it. once you have exported it (showmount -e NC-IPaddr) you can mount it to your boot server (mount NC-IPaddr:/local /mnt) and transfer the setup directory( cp -r /usr/netstation/* /mnt). Be careful not to forget some necessary files, particularily some X11 files are needed. The full directory will not fit on the card. Avoid erasing on the chip card, claiming the freed space isn't easy and wastes space.

For more detailed information you have place an PRPQ at IBM (whatever this means), contact some IBM representative or contact

ANeuper@antaris.de the author of this paraphrase.

5.9 Setup

It seems the "user preferences" are stored in NVRAM, while "quick setup" and "setup parameters" are read from the boot server (in NFS, /netstation/prodbase/configs/standard.nsm).

5.10 Images

The screensaver and background reads XBM images, Linux/BSD/*nix users can use XV to export to this format. The screensaver image shown will be inverted.

5.11 Time Sync

The units don't use NTP, instead inetd's built-in unix time (37/udp) support, I'd personally recommend using xinetd.

5.12 Test Network

This is User Sevices Console version of ping.

5.13 BIOS

Setting a global password will password-protect the "BIOS" setup. Note: I'm unaware of any recovery procedure for lost passwords. If you can't access the User Services Console to change the password (unit is not booting up correctly), you're also screwed.

5.14 Features

Most units (8361-110 for sure) features not only support for X (as an Xterminal) and NC (Windows NT Terminal Server) usage, it's built-in console also has support for serial (locally attached and dial-up using PPP/SLIP, also telnet connections.