9. FAQ

9.1 Pws 3ekivnse to Linux;

To Linux eivai ousiastika movo o purnvas tou Leitourgikou sustnmatos, kai 3ekivnse to 1990 apo evav fivlavdo foitntn tov Linus Torvalds, sav omadikn peiramatikn idea stov tote kaivourio 386. Ta upoloipa ta gvwrizete...

9.2 Ti logous exw gia va egkatastnsw to Linux;

Eav 8elete eva a3iopisto leitourgiko sustnma, me kaln apodosn, xwris kollnmata kai pln8wra efarmogwv kai dev fobaste eva kaivourio periballov ergasias, tote to Linux eivai gia esas. Mporeite px me ?.000drx va to agorasete se 6 CD, mazi me tis polles efarmoges tou, n va dwsete kati parapavw gia va parete mia eukoln sto stnsimo diavomn mazi me egxeiridio xrnsns.

To Linux eivai eva ka8ara 32bit Leitourgiko Sustnma, me poluepe3ergastikes (multitasking) duvatotntes. Stnv pra3n auto snmaivei, oti mporeite va trexete polles efarmoges tautoxrova, xwris kivduvo va "kremasei" o upologistns. To Linux exei:

• kalutern a3iopoinsn tou sustnmatos apo to DOS, Win 3.x
• kalutero multitasking apo ta Windows 95,
• kalutern apodosn apo ta Windows NT,
• polles efarmoges se sugkrisn me to OS/2.

9.3 Pws mporw va ma8w ta basika gia to Linux;

Polu ektevns avalusn, ka8ws kai kala epilegmevo didaktiko uliko, sta agglika, uparxei edw: http://basiclinux.hypermart.net/basic/index.html#lessons.

9.4 Sumbatotnta;

Kat' arxnv to Linux diabazei ola ta fileystems twv allwv leitourgikwv (FAT, VFAT, FAT32, NTFS, HPFS, HFS, ISO9660, Rock-Ridge, Joliet, UFS klp).

• To DOSEMU 8a sas epitreyei va tre3ete efarmoges tou DOS pou trexouv se eikovikes mnxaves upo tov elegxo tou purnva (vm86). Douleuei polu a3iopista kai diati8etai dwreav opws to Linux.
• To WABI 8a sas epitreyei va tre3ete 16bit efarmoges twv WIN3.11, alla stoixizei 199$
• To WINE kavei tnv idia douleia dwreav, alla oxi toso kala. Teleutaia (1999) deixvei sobara snmadia wrimavsns.
• To Executor mporei va tre3ei efarmoges gia Macintosh.

9.5 Ti SOFTWARE upostnrizetai;

Praktika ta pavta, arkei va milame gia avoikta kai diadedomeva protupa kai prwtokolla: sxedov pote dev eiste o prwtos pou exei eva sugkekrimevo problnma kai kapoios allos to exei lusei gia esas.

To metalab eivai to kat' e3oxnv snmeio gia va brei kaveis programmata gurw apo to avtikeimevo pou tov evdiaferei, deite http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/

To Linux Software Map (LSM) exei olo to uparxov logismiko. Mporeite va kavete kai avazntnsn me le3eis kleidia. http://www.boutell.com/lsm/

Episns polu dnmofileis eivai kai oi selides tou Bill Latura: http://www.xnet.com/~blatura/linapps.shtml

9.6 Ti eivai to compile tou purnva;

Sto Linux tov purnva mporei kaveis va tov ftia3ei o idios, me mia diadikasia pou legetai compile. Av kai eivai duvatov va douleyei kapoios me evav etoimo, eivai kaln idea va ftia3ei evav purnva prosarmosmevo sto sustnma tou, idiaitera eav 8elei e3eidikeumeves duvatotntes. H diadikasia suvistatai idiaitera se autous pou 8elouv va mple3ouv me ta evdotera tou leitourgikou sustnmatos.

Oi evtoles pou xreiazovtai gia eva tupiko compile eivai (ta # eivai sxolia):

cd /usr/src/linux
make config      # n make menuconfig n make xconfig, exei kai help.
make dep
make clean
make zImage  # meta apo auto, uparxei o purnvas sto /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/zImage
make modules # Ta modules ftiaxvovtai priv arxisei n diadikasia egkatastasns
make modules_install # Egkatastasn twv modules sto /lib
make install # prosoxn va uparxouv oi swstes ru8miseis sto /etc/lilo.conf

9.7 Ti eivai auto to SIG11;

To SIG11 eivai ousiastika eva sfalma prostasias (Protection Fault). Eivai arketa pi8avo va sumbei tnv wra pou ftiaxvoume purnva kai n aitia eivai oti to sustnma ekeivn tnv wra zorizetai - DIABASTE: Polla SIG11 snmaivouv kako uliko n problnmata sumbatotntas me tnv mvnmn,tov epe3ergastn, tnv mntrikn. Gia perissoteres plnrofories, deite: http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/

9.8 Uparxouv alla eleu8era Unix;

Sto xwro tou Unix exoume ta e3ns eleu8erns xrnsns leitourgika:

• Linux
• GNU Hurd
• FreeBSD
• NetBSD
• OpenBSD

9.9 Basikn orologia

i18n

I{-- 18 letters --}n = Internationalization

e13n

Europeanization

l10n

Localization

ANSI

American National Standards Institute, the US member of ISO

ASCII

American Standard Code of Information Interchange

CP

Code Page

CP850

Code Page 850, the most widely used MS DOS code page

CR

Carriage Return

CTAN server

Comprehensive TeX Archive Network, the world's largest repository for TeX related material. It consists of three sites mirrowing each other: ftp.shsu.edu, ftp.tex.ac.uk, ftp.dante.de. The current configuration, including known mirrows, can be obtained by fingering ctan_us@ftp.shsu.edu

DEC

Digital Equipment Corp.

DIN

Deutsche Industrie Norm (German Industry Norm)

DOS

Disk Operating System

EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ---a proprietary IBM character set used on mainframes

ECMA

European Computer Manufacturer's Association

emacs

Editing Macros, a family of popular text editors

Esperanto

A synthetic, universal language developed by Dr. Zamenhof in 1887.

FSF

Free Software Foundation

FTP

File Transmission Protocol

GNU

GNU's not Unix, an FSF project

GPL

General Public License

IBM

International Business Machines Corp.

IP

Internet Protocol

ISO

International Standards Organization

KOI8

???---a popular encoding for Cyrillic on UNIX workstations

LaTeX

A macro package for TeX

MCS

DEC's Multilingual Character Set---the ISO 8859--1 draft standard

MIME

Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extension

OS

Operating System

POSIX

Portable Operating System Interface (an IEEE UNIX standard)

PS

PostScript, Adobe's printer language

RFC

Request for Comment, an Internet standard

sed

stream editor, a UNIX file manipulation utility

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TeX

Donald Knuth's typesetting program

URL

a WWW Uniform Resource Locator

US-ASCII

the US national variant of ISO 646, see ASCII

VMS

Virtual Memory System---DEC's proprietary OS

WWW

World Wide Web

X11

X Window System